Request Tutoring Info
Please enter name
Please enter email
Please enter phone
Please enter details
Milford Business tutors

Book Top-Rated Business Tutors Near Me In Milford, DE

Our Milford Business tutors are top college students and graduates from local area universities. They have an average GPA of 3.5 or higher in their areas of tutoring specialization. At Frog Tutoring, we work with students in all grade levels and our Milford private Business tutors provide customized one on one in-home tutoring through our proven three step approach to academic success.

1.Bring student up to speed by reviewing past work to ensure they are not missing any important concepts that might affect their abilities to learn future lessons. 2. Keep student ahead of the class by using the teachers lesson plan, textbook, and online curriculum to cover lessons before it is taught in class. 2. Reinforce key concepts they might have missed. This ensures they will never be behind again. Your tutor will also help with organization, study skills, and note taking strategies.
Your Milford area Business tutor will also track student progress through detailed session reports which will be available to you at the end of each tutoring session. If it is okay with you, your tutor will contact your child's teacher, for K-12, to get a more detailed understanding of what they are struggling with and also to make sure that he/she and the teacher are both on the same page in their approach to tackling the problem.

Browse our list of qualified Business tutors below. If you are in need of an Business tutor in Milford, please call us or simply go to the tab above and Request a Tutor and let us help provide the understanding and assistance needed for success.

Read more... Read less
cnn cbs boston miami fox news

List of High-Achieving Business Tutors Near Me In Milford, DE For In-Person & Online Tutoring


How it works

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Request any tutor by submitting a form

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Speak with our enrollment advisor to get your questions answered

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Get connected with your private in-person or online tutor

>

Our Students and Parents Love Us
as Much as We Love Them

TS
Knowledge
Presentation

A very smart individual, has great knowledge to cover the stuff needed based off your preference.

RF
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Craig has been a big help with helping me learn how to use the internet, navigate a job search and I have learned quite a bit in a shot time.

DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Makes learing fun!

OT
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew and I concentrated on financial statements in my CFA Level 1 curriculum. He was extremely knowledgeable and, with his own industry experience, he was very effective at providing real-life examples that made it easier to understand the concepts.

Ma
Knowledge
Presentation

He is a great tutor. He knows the topics very well and explains them easily. My only complaint is that his handwriting is somewhat messy. All in all, he is a great SAT tutor for English and math.

MB
Knowledge
Presentation

Awesome! he and my son work great together! My Son won't work with anyone else.

IB
Knowledge
Presentation

Gurleen is AMAZING!!!!!! She is the best tutor you will find on here. She is very knowledgeable on chemistry and will help you work through so many problems despite them being very challenging. Gurleen helps with retaining the knowledge and provides notes and practice problems as well. if you need...

RH
Knowledge
Presentation

Dana is very knwoedgable, especially with anatomy. I was a earning around an 80-84 percent(C) in my medical program exams. With Dana's assistance and vast knowledge in this subject I have passed a written exam AND a practical with a 92(A)!!! Dana positively encourages/challenges her students...

LC
Knowledge
Presentation

Sunita Woodcheke has not only demonstrated an extraordinary commitment to my child's academic progress but has also exhibited remarkable patience, enthusiasm, and expertise in their teaching approach. Through personalized lessons and tailored guidance Sunita has fostered a supportive learning...

SM
Knowledge
Presentation

Kevin is knowledgeable about math, and he knows how to teach. I’m very rusty on my skills, but he’s been nothing but patient with me. He absorbs my weaknesses and focuses on what I need help with. I appreciate all he’s done so far.

TG
Knowledge
Presentation

McKenna has done a great job of working with my daughter on geometry.

TM
Knowledge
Presentation

school rating and grades improved.

NC
Knowledge
Presentation

I am so happy with this tutoring, my son is engaged all the time. He loves to work in the computer and the activities that they do during the tutoring. She used many different way and form in order to keep him engaged.

EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Annie is great!!!!

EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Madi is fantastic!!

NT
Knowledge
Presentation

I don't sit next to my 9yo during sessions, and this is the first time I ever used a tutor. I can tell you that using a tutor eliminates all the fighting and whining from my kid about doing homework which makes me very happy. They get a lot done during an hour. The tutor is focused, prepared,...

PM
Knowledge
Presentation

Fabulous. Olivia is engaging, knowledgeable, and a delight to work with. Highly recommend. Always punctual. Always reliable. Always helpful. Competent with both homework help and direct instruction.

CH
Knowledge
Presentation

Extremely knowledgeable and gave direct examples of certain concepts I had trouble with. He also helped assess some of the specific terminology that I need to look for on the exam.

TG
Knowledge
Presentation

Chigbo explains concepts in a way that makes it easy to understand. My daughter's understanding and confidence had a real boost in just two days.

JE
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew was very knowledgable in the CFP topics and is very flexible with his ability to review materials and go through the questioning.

KK
Knowledge
Presentation

Ivan is absolutely amazing with his knowledge, He is my tutor for college level pre-calculus and I can confidently say that I would not be able to get through my class without ivans help with the class material. He has great patience and will explain and walk you through each problem until you need...

AC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging and goes at a good pace which has been immensely beneficial. Very punctual, there's never been any issues with scheduling. Overall, I have been enjoying my sessions and I look forward to more as he helps me prepare for my ACT.

CP
Knowledge
Presentation

Taitana Has tutored my daughter in math and english, she has my daughter think differently in problem solving and expanded her vocabulary. She never gives you the answer but helps you solve a problem together for my daughter to understand why the problem or word is not correct. Will request her...

NB
Knowledge
Presentation

So far so good

ER
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging, and I enjoy working with her

CO
Knowledge
Presentation

My son has been with Barjeana for a few sessions now and loves her! She is so knowledgeable and patient. Best of all she makes the sessions fun and interactive. He struggles with focus, but she keeps him engaged in the session and on track. He looks forward to his tutoring with Ms. Barjeana. ...

IB
Knowledge
Presentation

He was great and very knowledgeable on the subject of chemistry, however there was a language barrier

GG
Knowledge
Presentation

Excellent tutor! He is very knowledgeable of the content! Our son has improved his grades since he started with Mr. Lopez!

KW
Knowledge
Presentation

Mario takes his time explaining each concept. I am finally understanding the subject and my test grades have approved drastically.

DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Excellent experience. Very good teacher

AJ
Knowledge
Presentation

I think Lisa Chaney is a great tutorial but I also think Corwon need a little more practice.

JB
Knowledge
Presentation

Hi my name is Jarian Brooks and I would recommend Greg to anyone who needs tutoring. I'm very pleased and very happy with the changes in my daughter with Greg.

DH
Knowledge
Presentation

McKenna has a good grasp of the AP pre-calc work that my daughter is work that my daughter is doing. She's able to help explain in a way that makes sense and has resulted in a benefit of my daughter turning her grades around significantly. I would gladly recommend McKenna for tutoring AP...

NH
Knowledge
Presentation

Carols warmth, experience and ability to truly connect with children is priceless. So happy we chose Frog tutoring!!!

KP
Knowledge
Presentation

Jade has a talent for working with school students. She is meticulous in her planning and focuses on helping children improve in specific areas. I highly recommend her teaching methods. Additionally, she is proactive in informing us of any potential issues in advance. We truly appreciate her...

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

she is so patient and very interactive, my son needs to be engaged and shes
doing great in that regard.

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

wonderful experience, my son likes lisa, shes taught him things he didnt know before and he is more confident.

Ya
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}she is very professional and patience with my son I like the strategy she use working with him. She have great knowledge on tutoring

HC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very helpful

HC
Knowledge
Presentation

Jade deserves thousands of stars. Best tutor I have ever had. She explains things in a clear concise manner. He knowledge base is amazing. She is amazing and I am so grateful for her help!!!!!!

IR
Knowledge
Presentation

Gregory excels as a tutor, demonstrating a genuine passion for teaching and a deep commitment to facilitating student learning. He meticulously delves into the intricacies of concepts, ensuring a thorough understanding by students. Gregory effectively uses examples to actively engage students in...

NM
Knowledge
Presentation

Jessie has been awesome with my kids. My daughter struggled with math last year, and Jessie got her completely up to speed in being an A student!

NY
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}
Carol was wonderful. My child has a lot of energy and Carol was able to work with her and engage her in the lesson. Carol has so many ideas and resources at the ready to shift my child's focus back to the lesson. I'm looking forward to continuing with these sessions...

KC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very helpful and thorough when working with my son. She was very knowledgeable and could convey my son's learning material in a way that he understood. He went from AB Honoroll to A Honoroll! Thank you, Olivia!

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

We had a few sessions with Ms. Barron virtually and it was amazing to see how creative she was explaining the reading concepts to my 5 year old. We initially had some technical difficulties but she did a great job with improvising to ensure my daughter had a productive session. overall, i enjoyed...

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

Mr. Forster has been amazing for my 7 year old daughter. I requested tutoring primarily to help her with math. Coming out of first grade, she seemed to be struggling a little so over the holidays, i started her on tutoring to prepare her for 2nd grade. Over the past few months, her knowledge and...

LW
Knowledge
Presentation

AJ was very patient and knowledgeable of the content. He provide a very detailed and concise explanation with care which helped to ease my anxiety about math.

AP
Knowledge
Presentation

Kevin has been absolutely wonderful and patient while helping me prepare for my upcoming TEAS test exam. He explains things very thoroughly and takes time to make sure that I really understand the material being presented. I am very happy to have him as a tutor and he has helped me with a lot in...

JS
Knowledge
Presentation

Izzy was a great tutor. She clearly knew the subject matter.

TR
Knowledge
Presentation

Paul was knowledgably and friendly. He was always flexible, and worked around what was convenient for me.

Qualification and Certification of Business Tutors Near Me In Milford, DE


  • Undergraduate
  • Bachelor degree holders
  • Master degree holders
  • Ph.D. holders
  • Teaching Certification
  • Professional Certificate
  • Background checks
  • Tutoring experience
  • Continuous education
  • FrogTutoring verification certification

Milford, DE Business Tutoring Rates


  • Price range from $37/hr - $65/hr
  • Rates vary based on the type of tutoring, methods used, and the number of hours required.
  • Contact our enrollment team to receive your personalized rate.

Tutoring Methods of Our Private Tutors In Milford, DE


  • In-person/in-home tutoring
  • Online tutoring
  • One-on-one tutoring
  • Group lessons tutoring.

Tools We Use For Online Business Tutoring


  • Zoom
  • FrogTutoring custom online tutoring platform
  • The Lesson space

Our Business Clientele In Milford, DE


  • High school students
  • Middle school students
  • College students
  • Adults
  • Special needs students

Tutoring Locations For Business In Milford, DE


  • Student homes
  • Public Libraries
  • Milford neighborhoods and suburbs

Sign up now for our one-on-one private Business tutoring in Milford, DE


Milford, DE Tutoring FAQ

What are the best tutoring services in Milford, DE?

FrogTutoring is among the top-rated tutoring services in Milford, DE, providing personalized, one-on-one sessions tailored to meet individual student needs. Our tutors are experts in their subject areas and are dedicated to helping students achieve their academic goals.

How do I find a qualified tutor in Milford, DE?

To find a qualified tutor in Milford, DE, consider using FrogTutoring. Our platform allows you to browse profiles of vetted tutors, review their qualifications, and select a tutor who specializes in the subject area your student needs assistance with. Additionally, our tutors are required to undergo a thorough background check to ensure quality and safety.

What subjects can I get tutored in Milford, DE?

In Milford, DE, FrogTutoring offers tutoring in a wide range of subjects including mathematics, science, English, foreign languages, and more. Whether you need help with elementary school basics or advanced college-level courses, our tutors are equipped to assist you in achieving academic success.

Can I get tutoring tailored for SAT/ACT prep in Milford, DE?

Yes, FrogTutoring in Milford, DE, provides tailored tutoring for SAT/ACT prep. Our experienced tutors develop personalized study plans focusing on test-taking strategies, content review, and practice exams to help students feel confident and well-prepared on test day.

Are there any online tutoring options available in Milford, DE?

FrogTutoring offers convenient online tutoring options for students in Milford, DE. With our virtual learning platform, students have the flexibility to schedule sessions around their busy lives and access quality instruction from anywhere with an internet connection.

How can tutoring improve my child's classroom performance?

Tutoring can significantly improve a child's classroom performance by providing individualized attention, custom learning strategies, and targeted practice. FrogTutoring focuses on understanding each student's unique learning style and knowledge gaps, which can lead to better grades, increased confidence, and a deeper understanding of the material.

What is the average cost of tutoring in Milford, DE?

The cost of tutoring in Milford, DE, can vary depending on the subject and tutor qualifications. FrogTutoring offers competitive pricing and package deals, ensuring that quality tutoring is accessible and affordable. For specific rates, contact FrogTutoring directly for a quote based on your educational needs.

Can tutoring help with learning disabilities in Milford, DE?

Absolutely, tutoring can be a critical support for students with learning disabilities in Milford, DE. FrogTutoring provides specially trained tutors who employ strategies tailored to each student’s learning challenges, helping them to overcome obstacles and make significant academic progress.

Do tutors in Milford, DE follow the local school curriculum?

Yes, tutors in Milford, DE, including those from FrogTutoring, work to align their tutoring sessions with the local school curriculum. By staying current with classroom expectations and material, our tutors ensure that their instruction is relevant and supports the student’s in-class learning experience.

Is it possible to schedule regular weekly tutoring sessions in Milford, DE?

Certainly! With FrogTutoring, it is easy to schedule regular weekly tutoring sessions in Milford, DE. Consistency is key in tutoring, and our flexible scheduling allows students to establish a routine that fits their academic requirements and personal commitments.

Business FAQ

What is business tutoring?

Business tutoring involves personalized instruction aimed at enhancing an individual's understanding and proficiency in business subjects, such as economics, finance, marketing, and management. It caters to students or professionals who seek to improve their academic performance, prepare for business-related exams, or develop practical business skills.

How can business tutoring help me succeed in my career?

Business tutoring can be instrumental in your career success by providing tailored guidance to strengthen your understanding of key business concepts, helping you master specific skills required in the workplace, and enhancing your ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios, thus better preparing you for career advancement opportunities.

What should I look for in a business tutor?

When selecting a business tutor, look for an individual with a strong background in business education and real-world experience. They should possess excellent communication skills, a personalized approach to meet your learning style, and a track record of helping students achieve tangible improvements in their comprehension and application of business concepts.

Can business tutoring help with starting a new business?

Yes, business tutoring can be extremely beneficial when starting a new business. It can provide insights into business planning, financial management, marketing strategies, and regulatory compliance. A tutor with entrepreneurial experience can be especially valuable in guiding you through the complexities of launching and growing a new venture effectively.

Is online business tutoring as effective as in-person tutoring?

Online business tutoring can be just as effective as in-person tutoring, especially with advancements in digital communication platforms that facilitate interactive learning. It offers greater flexibility in scheduling, the ability to connect with expert tutors regardless of geographic location, and often includes access to a wider range of resources and technologies for an enriched learning experience.

Common Questions on Business Tutors

What qualifications do business tutors from Frog Tutoring have?

Business tutors from Frog Tutoring are highly qualified experts who possess a strong educational background in business disciplines, often holding at least a Bachelor's degree in business, finance, economics, or a related field. Many also have real-world experience and advanced degrees like MBAs. They are equipped to help students understand complex business concepts and improve their academic performance. To request a highly qualified business tutor and learn more about our services, visit our website and click here.

What topics in business can tutors from Frog Tutoring help with?

Tutors from Frog Tutoring can assist with a wide range of business topics, including but not limited to business mathematics, economics, finance, accounting, marketing, management, business law, and entrepreneurship. They tailor tutoring sessions to meet the specific needs and learning goals of each student. For personalized business tutoring assistance, click here to request a tutor or learn more about our services.

How does Frog Tutoring match me with a business tutor?

Frog Tutoring matches students with business tutors based on a variety of factors, including the student's academic needs, learning style, and scheduling preferences. The goal is to find the ideal match to ensure the best possible tutoring experience and outcomes. Ready to find your perfect business tutor match? Click here to get started.

Can Frog Tutoring help with preparation for business exams and certifications?

Yes, business tutors from Frog Tutoring can help students prepare for various business exams and certifications, providing study strategies, review of key concepts, and practice problems. Tutoring is customized to target the specific areas where a student needs improvement. If you're looking to excel in your business exams, click here to request a tutor.

What are the benefits of online business tutoring with Frog Tutoring?

Online business tutoring with Frog Tutoring offers several benefits, including convenience, flexibility, access to a broad range of tutors with specialized expertise, and the ability to record sessions for later review. Online sessions are interactive and use the latest technology to ensure an effective learning experience. Experience the advantages of online business tutoring by clicking here to learn more or request a tutor.

Milford, DE Neighborhoods We Service

Nestled in both Sussex and Kent counties, the charming city of Milford, Delaware, boasts a unique blend of small-town vibes and vibrant community spirit. The city's neighborhoods provide a picturesque backdrop to a region filled with cultural history, economic growth, and a strong sense of community. As families and individuals consider Milford for its academic support services, including those offered by companies like Frogtutoring, exploring the various neighborhoods is key to finding the perfect spot to call home.

Starting with the heart of Milford, we have the Downtown Historic District, where the past meets the present. This area is a bustling hub of activity with local businesses, historic buildings, and a thriving art scene. Close by, the Mispillion Riverwalk runs through this district, providing a scenic path for residents and visitors alike to enjoy the waterfront and the many festivals that take place in the area throughout the year.

To the north lies Hearthstone Manor and Orchard Hill, two neighborhoods known for their family-friendly atmosphere and well-maintained properties. These areas offer a mix of single-family homes and townhouses, making them suitable for various living arrangements and an attractive place for those looking for quiet, suburban living with convenient access to community amenities.

East of the river, we find Shawnee Acres, a place that prides itself on its lush green spaces and larger residential lots. This neighborhood is ideal for those who are looking for a more rural feel within city limits and appreciate the room to spread out and enjoy the outdoors.

To the west, Milford Ponds and West Milford serve as newer developments in the city, with modern homes and carefully planned layouts. These communities are perfect for residents who are interested in contemporary living spaces and who value neighborhood camaraderie.

South Milford, including the areas of Knotts Landing and Meadows at Shawnee, offers a peaceful retreat from the city's more bustling areas. Its neighborhoods provide a quiet and laid-back lifestyle, with easy access to the natural beauty of southern Delaware, including nearby beaches and state parks.

Matlind Estates stands out with its charming custom homes that cater to those who appreciate unique architectural designs and expansive yards. It's a tight-knit community where neighbors often become lifelong friends.

Lastly, we have Slaughter Beach—technically not a neighborhood within Milford's city limits but a closely allied community. Many Milford residents frequent this area for its waterfront views and its serene beach lifestyle. It's a haven for wildlife enthusiasts, nature lovers, and anyone who enjoys the calming effect of the Delaware Bay.

In conclusion, Milford, Delaware, offers a potpourri of neighborhoods, each with its own distinct flavor and appeal. From historic downtown to the peaceful outskirts, Milford provides a place for everyone—whether you're a family looking for a nurturing environment, a young professional seeking a vibrant community, or retirees interested in a tranquil retreat. As Frogtutoring continues to serve the educational needs of the area, understanding the city's diverse neighborhoods is crucial in helping new families settle down and thrive in this delightful corner of the First State.

About Milford, DE And It’s Education Institutions

Milford, Delaware, a city nestled along the Mispillion River, is steeped in history and brimming with significant landmarks. Founded in 1787, Milford quickly became known for shipbuilding, with the river effectively facilitating this industry. One of the city's most iconic landmarks is the Milford Shipyard Area, a testament to its maritime heritage. Additionally, the town prides itself on the Parson Thorne Mansion, built in the 1730s, and the Milford Museum, both of which offer a glimpse into the area's rich past. Today, Milford is a vibrant community with a population of over 11,000 residents, where historical charm meets modern living.

Education plays a central role in Milford's community with a variety of public and private K-12 schools providing high-quality education. Among them, Milford Senior High School is noted for its strong programs and community engagement. The Milford School District offers a comprehensive educational experience with several elementary, middle, and a high school that serves the city's growing student population. Education resources are plentiful in Milford, with youth programs at the Greater Milford Boys & Girls Club and the Milford Public Library, which offers various learning programs and activities for students of all ages. Although Milford does not host a university within city limits, Delaware Technical Community College is nearby and offers higher education opportunities for residents, emphasizing the community's commitment to learning.

The neighborhoods of Milford range from historic districts with beautifully preserved Victorian homes to newer developments that cater to a growing population seeking a balance of small-town charm and modern amenities. The town has attracted a diverse group of residents who are drawn to its picturesque streets, community-oriented atmosphere, and proximity to natural resources like Silver Lake and Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge. Overall, Milford is a city that honors its history, celebrates its present, and looks to the future with optimism and a strong commitment to community development and educational excellence.

Students at These Milford, DE Schools Excel with Our Tutoring

Below is a sample list of schools in Milford, DE, both private and public, whose students have benefited from our tutoring services. While this list is not exhaustive, it provides a snapshot of the educational landscape where our tutoring has helped students excel in their studies, improve their grades, and better prepare for their academic future.

Public Schools:

  1. Milford High School
  2. Milford Central Academy
  3. Benjamin Banneker Elementary School
  4. Lulu M. Ross Elementary School
  5. Morris Early Childhood Center

Private Schools:

  1. Milford Christian School
  2. The Learning Center
  3. Kiddie Kollege
  4. Kids First Academy

Please note that this list is not comprehensive and may not include all public and private schools in Milford, DE. To find a more extensive list, you may want to visit the Milford School District's website or conduct a search for private schools in the area. This selection represents institutions where our tutoring services have been sought after and where we've had the privilege to support student growth and learning.

About Business & Business Tutoring

Business fundamentally refers to organized efforts and activities of individuals to produce and sell goods and services for profit. It encompasses a wide range of activities, from operational tasks to strategic planning, all to meet the needs and demands of clients and to foster a lucrative outcome for the stakeholders involved.

Definition: A business can broadly be defined as an entity or individual engaged in professional, commercial, or industrial activities. The primary purpose is generating revenue by providing a product or service that satisfies market demand.

Description: Business operations range from small-scale endeavors such as individual entrepreneurs and family-owned shops to large corporations with extensive global presence. While some businesses focus on providing tangible goods—everything from food items to automobiles—others are service-oriented, offering expertise, counseling, or labor.

Type of Business: There are several classifications of business types, each with its own legal and operational implications. Some key forms include sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, and cooperatives. These can be further categorized by industry, such as healthcare, finance, technology, or agriculture.

Related entities to Business: A variety of entities interact closely with businesses, including government agencies, regulating and governing industry practices; financial institutions, providing necessary capital; suppliers, delivering the raw materials for production; customers, driving demand; and competitors, fostering innovation and efficiency through market competition.

The best strategy for tutoring Business to someone who struggles with the subject: To effectively tutor business, start by breaking down the subject into the core concepts of economics, accounting, finance, marketing, and management. Utilize practical examples that the student can relate to, and demonstrate how these principles apply in real-life business scenarios. Encourage active learning by including case studies, problem-solving exercises, and discussions for a more interactive and engaging experience.

Most common concepts and most difficult concepts in Business: Common concepts in business education include the basics of supply and demand, the different types of business structures, and the principles of marketing and financial management. The most difficult concepts often involve financial analysis and accounting principles, strategic management, and understanding complex legal and ethical issues. The application of these principles within rapidly changing and diverse global markets can be especially challenging for learners.

In conclusion, mastering business involves grasping both the foundational knowledge and its application in a dynamic, often unpredictable market. Practical examples and a supportive learning approach can significantly enhance comprehension for those who find the subject challenging.

Other Subjects We Tutor In Milford, DE


Find Business Tutors Near Me



Subjects We Tutor In Milford, DE



Popular Subjects
College Subjects
High School Subjects
Middle School Subjects
Elementary School Subjects
Test Prep Subjects
Music Lessons Subjects
Computer Subjects
Language Lessons Subjects
Preschool Subjects
Adult Learning Subjects