Request Tutoring Info
Please enter name
Please enter email
Please enter phone
Please enter details
Virginia Beach Genetics tutors

Book Top-Rated Genetics Tutors Near Me In Virginia Beach, VA

Our Virginia Beach Genetics tutors are top college students and graduates from local area universities. They have an average GPA of 3.5 or higher in their areas of tutoring specialization. At Frog Tutoring, we work with students in all grade levels and our Virginia Beach private Genetics tutors provide customized one on one in-home tutoring through our proven three step approach to academic success.

1.Bring student up to speed by reviewing past work to ensure they are not missing any important concepts that might affect their abilities to learn future lessons. 2. Keep student ahead of the class by using the teachers lesson plan, textbook, and online curriculum to cover lessons before it is taught in class. 2. Reinforce key concepts they might have missed. This ensures they will never be behind again. Your tutor will also help with organization, study skills, and note taking strategies.
Your Virginia Beach area Genetics tutor will also track student progress through detailed session reports which will be available to you at the end of each tutoring session. If it is okay with you, your tutor will contact your child's teacher, for K-12, to get a more detailed understanding of what they are struggling with and also to make sure that he/she and the teacher are both on the same page in their approach to tackling the problem.

Browse our list of qualified Genetics tutors below. If you are in need of an Genetics tutor in Virginia Beach, please call us or simply go to the tab above and Request a Tutor and let us help provide the understanding and assistance needed for success.

Read more... Read less
cnn cbs boston miami fox news

List of High-Achieving Genetics Tutors Near Me In Virginia Beach, VA For In-Person & Online Tutoring


How it works

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Request any tutor by submitting a form

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Speak with our enrollment advisor to get your questions answered

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Get connected with your private in-person or online tutor

Our Students and Parents Love Us
as Much as We Love Them

">
AP
Knowledge
Presentation

Dr. Jide is incredible! He has worked with my daughter for several weeks helping her prepare for the ACT. He is very knowledgeable and explains the math concepts very well. My daughter's confidence has definitely increased. We are appreciative of his kindness and support.

">
KM
Knowledge
Presentation

Would recommend to anyone. Not only has she helped out with my classes but is also very knowledgeable about the ARRT. Flexible and helpful in many ways. Great tutor/instructor/person. I feel extremely confident on passing the ARRT with her as a tutor.

">
DM
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}she was very knowledgeable and patient with my daughter

">
JN
Knowledge
Presentation

Robert has been excellent and extremely helpful to my son. He is also flexible and has been willing to meet with my son prior to his exams for tutoring. MY son started the semester with a D and has increased his to a B. Thank you Robert!

">
TA
Knowledge
Presentation

Alex has thoroughly enjoyed the sessions and found them to be very helpful. I am really happy with the feedback and the communication. Wouldn't hesitate to recommend.

">
JY
Knowledge
Presentation

Rosemary was super helpful going over some of the concepts that were tricky, and helped explain the content well.

">
HM
Knowledge
Presentation

Super helpful and willing to adjust to my learning habits. I really enjoy our time working together as the preparation from her end is very noticeable and appreciated.

">
LC
Knowledge
Presentation

Great tutoring session!

">
JC
Knowledge
Presentation

Sarah is our 5th tutor we have used on Frog tutoring. In just one short month of tutoring my child with ADHD, she has improved his math grade from a C to an A-!! We are so happy for the progress our child has made with Sarah’s help, and we will definitely continue to use her as our child’s...

">
JL
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}The sessions are going well and I am understanding the material . The information is clear , which I love.

">
RG
Knowledge
Presentation

Overall, AJ was absolutely amazing. I didn’t understand almost anything in physics and he made it seem like elementary grade stuff, overall was amazing and I will miss him

">
KB
Knowledge
Presentation

Ali is an amazing tutor always willing to help me on my school assignments and is a very down-to-earth person.

">
JD
Knowledge
Presentation

good tutor

">
KB
Knowledge
Presentation

Looking forward to meeting you.

">
AN
Knowledge
Presentation

Joyce has been great in helping me review topics for the NCLEX

">
SM
Knowledge
Presentation

Ryan in very knowledgeable on the topics I was needing help with. He is professional and works around your schedule. The best tutor I have had on frog tutoring.

">
RW
Knowledge
Presentation

Good tutor

">
RW
Knowledge
Presentation

Never partnered so unable to rate accurately but frog tutors are great so why not give a 5

">
OS
Knowledge
Presentation

patient and knowledgeable

">
Dm
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Hayeon Lee is fantastic !
Very knowledgeable and wonderful to work with.
She is kind and is very easy to learn from.
Thank you for finding her.
We have another session Tuesday but I have to reschedule
Perhaps Wednesday?

">
DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging and funny. He makes learning fun and teaches in a very simple, easy way to understand.

">
MP
Knowledge
Presentation

Pamela is wonderful! She's the perfect fit for my son! She's very engaging and makes tutoring fun for him

">
HB
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}
Vince is very happy with this tutor.

">
RF
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Jaelynn Cafourek's accomplished computer skills and college training make her a very valuable asset to those who need a professional with their studies.I highly recommend her and her excellent attitude, and clear ability to connect with others and their specific learning...

">
JS
Knowledge
Presentation

Carolle is an excellent tutor. She explains things well, sends me frequent reminders of what I learned during the week, and is altogether a pleasure

">
DR
Knowledge
Presentation

Jeff was extremely knowledgeable and helpful. Deep industry knowledge in running in investment firm and very solid resource. Thank you!

">
MV
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}
Joyce is very knowledgeable and helpful.

">
TS
Knowledge
Presentation

A very smart individual, has great knowledge to cover the stuff needed based off your preference.

">
RF
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Craig has been a big help with helping me learn how to use the internet, navigate a job search and I have learned quite a bit in a shot time.

">
DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Makes learing fun!

">
OT
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew and I concentrated on financial statements in my CFA Level 1 curriculum. He was extremely knowledgeable and, with his own industry experience, he was very effective at providing real-life examples that made it easier to understand the concepts.

">
Ma
Knowledge
Presentation

He is a great tutor. He knows the topics very well and explains them easily. My only complaint is that his handwriting is somewhat messy. All in all, he is a great SAT tutor for English and math.

">
MB
Knowledge
Presentation

Awesome! he and my son work great together! My Son won't work with anyone else.

">
IB
Knowledge
Presentation

Gurleen is AMAZING!!!!!! She is the best tutor you will find on here. She is very knowledgeable on chemistry and will help you work through so many problems despite them being very challenging. Gurleen helps with retaining the knowledge and provides notes and practice problems as well. if you need...

">
RH
Knowledge
Presentation

Dana is very knwoedgable, especially with anatomy. I was a earning around an 80-84 percent(C) in my medical program exams. With Dana's assistance and vast knowledge in this subject I have passed a written exam AND a practical with a 92(A)!!! Dana positively encourages/challenges her students...

">
LC
Knowledge
Presentation

Sunita Woodcheke has not only demonstrated an extraordinary commitment to my child's academic progress but has also exhibited remarkable patience, enthusiasm, and expertise in their teaching approach. Through personalized lessons and tailored guidance Sunita has fostered a supportive learning...

">
SM
Knowledge
Presentation

Kevin is knowledgeable about math, and he knows how to teach. I’m very rusty on my skills, but he’s been nothing but patient with me. He absorbs my weaknesses and focuses on what I need help with. I appreciate all he’s done so far.

">
TG
Knowledge
Presentation

McKenna has done a great job of working with my daughter on geometry.

">
TM
Knowledge
Presentation

school rating and grades improved.

">
NC
Knowledge
Presentation

I am so happy with this tutoring, my son is engaged all the time. He loves to work in the computer and the activities that they do during the tutoring. She used many different way and form in order to keep him engaged.

">
EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Annie is great!!!!

">
EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Madi is fantastic!!

">
NT
Knowledge
Presentation

I don't sit next to my 9yo during sessions, and this is the first time I ever used a tutor. I can tell you that using a tutor eliminates all the fighting and whining from my kid about doing homework which makes me very happy. They get a lot done during an hour. The tutor is focused, prepared,...

">
PM
Knowledge
Presentation

Fabulous. Olivia is engaging, knowledgeable, and a delight to work with. Highly recommend. Always punctual. Always reliable. Always helpful. Competent with both homework help and direct instruction.

">
CH
Knowledge
Presentation

Extremely knowledgeable and gave direct examples of certain concepts I had trouble with. He also helped assess some of the specific terminology that I need to look for on the exam.

">
TG
Knowledge
Presentation

Chigbo explains concepts in a way that makes it easy to understand. My daughter's understanding and confidence had a real boost in just two days.

">
JE
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew was very knowledgable in the CFP topics and is very flexible with his ability to review materials and go through the questioning.

">
KK
Knowledge
Presentation

Ivan is absolutely amazing with his knowledge, He is my tutor for college level pre-calculus and I can confidently say that I would not be able to get through my class without ivans help with the class material. He has great patience and will explain and walk you through each problem until you need...

">
AC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging and goes at a good pace which has been immensely beneficial. Very punctual, there's never been any issues with scheduling. Overall, I have been enjoying my sessions and I look forward to more as he helps me prepare for my ACT.

">
CP
Knowledge
Presentation

Taitana Has tutored my daughter in math and english, she has my daughter think differently in problem solving and expanded her vocabulary. She never gives you the answer but helps you solve a problem together for my daughter to understand why the problem or word is not correct. Will request her...

Qualification and Certification of Genetics Tutors Near Me In Virginia Beach, VA


  • Undergraduate
  • Bachelor degree holders
  • Master degree holders
  • Ph.D. holders
  • Teaching Certification
  • Professional Certificate
  • Background checks
  • Tutoring experience
  • Continuous education
  • FrogTutoring verification certification

Virginia Beach, VA Genetics Tutoring Rates


  • Price range from $37/hr - $65/hr
  • Rates vary based on the type of tutoring, methods used, and the number of hours required.
  • Contact our enrollment team to receive your personalized rate.

Tutoring Methods of Our Private Tutors In Virginia Beach, VA


  • In-person/in-home tutoring
  • Online tutoring
  • One-on-one tutoring
  • Group lessons tutoring.

Tools We Use For Online Genetics Tutoring


  • Zoom
  • FrogTutoring custom online tutoring platform
  • The Lesson space

Our Genetics Clientele In Virginia Beach, VA


  • High school students
  • Middle school students
  • College students
  • Adults
  • Special needs students

Tutoring Locations For Genetics In Virginia Beach, VA


  • Student homes
  • Public Libraries
  • Virginia Beach neighborhoods and suburbs

Sign up now for our one-on-one private Genetics tutoring in Virginia Beach, VA


Virginia Beach, VA Tutoring FAQ

How do I find a qualified tutor in Virginia Beach, VA?

To find a qualified tutor in Virginia Beach, VA, contact FrogTutoring for an excellent selection of vetted tutors. They match students with tutors based on specific academic needs and learning styles, ensuring personalized and effective tutoring sessions.

What subjects can I get tutoring for in Virginia Beach?

In Virginia Beach, FrogTutoring offers tutoring for a wide range of subjects including math, science, language arts, foreign languages, and more. From elementary school subjects to college-level courses, they have expert tutors ready to help.

Are there any online tutoring options available in Virginia Beach?

Yes, FrogTutoring provides online tutoring options for residents in Virginia Beach. Their platform enables students to connect with tutors remotely and receive real-time, personalized instruction through a virtual learning environment.

What is the cost of tutoring services in Virginia Beach?

The cost of tutoring services in Virginia Beach varies depending on the subject, tutor's qualifications, and length of each session. FrogTutoring offers competitive rates and may provide package deals or discounts to accommodate your budget.

How do I know if my child needs a tutor in Virginia Beach?

Signs that your child may need a tutor in Virginia Beach include slipping grades, lack of confidence in schoolwork, difficulties with comprehension, or a need for more challenge. FrogTutoring offers assessment and consultation to identify your child's unique needs.

Genetics FAQ

What is genetics tutoring and how can it help students?

Genetics tutoring is an educational support service designed to help students understand the principles of genetics, a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms. By providing personalized lessons, targeted exercises, and in-depth explanation of complex concepts, genetics tutoring can aid students in mastering the subject, preparing for exams, and improving their academic performance.

What topics are typically covered in genetics tutoring?

Genetics tutoring usually covers a range of topics including the basics of DNA, genes, and chromosomes; inheritance patterns; molecular genetics; population genetics; genetic mutations; biotechnology; and the role genetics plays in health and disease. Students may also learn about current research and advancements in the field of genetics.

How do I find a qualified genetics tutor?

To find a qualified genetics tutor, you can search for local or online tutoring services, check with academic institutions or private tutoring centers, or look for recommendations from peers or educators. Ensure the tutor has a strong background in biology and genetics, relevant teaching experience, and positive reviews or testimonials.

Can genetics tutoring help with preparation for exams like the AP Biology or MCAT?

Yes, genetics tutoring can be highly beneficial for preparing for exams such as the AP Biology or MCAT. Tutors can provide focused review sessions, practice questions, and test-taking strategies tailored to the genetics portion of these exams, which can enhance a student's understanding and performance.

Are there online resources for genetics tutoring available?

There are many online resources available for genetics tutoring, including interactive courses, tutorial videos, practice exercises, and forums for question-and-answer discussions. Websites such as Khan Academy, Coursera, and tutor-specific platforms offer materials and personal tutors to support learners at various levels.

Common Questions on Genetics Tutors

How can a genetics tutor help me improve my understanding of genetics?

A genetics tutor can provide personalized learning experiences, help you understand complex concepts in genetics, guide you through challenging topics, offer resources and study strategies, and assist with homework and test preparation. With one-on-one attention, you can ask questions in a comfortable learning environment and receive immediate feedback. To enhance your understanding of genetics with the help of a skilled tutor, click here to request a tutor or learn more about our services.

What qualifications should I look for in a genetics tutor?

When searching for a genetics tutor, you should look for someone with a strong educational background in genetics, such as a degree in genetics or a related field. Additionally, they should have relevant teaching or tutoring experience, a clear understanding of genetic concepts, and the ability to communicate complex information in an understandable way. For access to qualified genetics tutors, click here to request a tutor or learn more about our services.

Can genetics tutoring help with college-level courses?

Yes, genetics tutoring can be extremely beneficial for college-level courses. A tutor can help you grasp intricate concepts, prepare for exams, work on assignments, and offer insights into advanced topics in genetics. Tutors are often familiar with the curriculum and requirements of college courses and can tailor their sessions to your specific needs. To get assistance with your college-level genetics courses, click here to request a tutor or learn more about our services.

How do I find the right genetics tutor for my learning style?

Finding the right genetics tutor for your learning style involves evaluating potential tutors on their teaching methods, experience, and adaptability to different learning preferences. Look for tutors with positive reviews from other students, and don't hesitate to ask for an initial consultation to discuss your learning goals and preferences. At Frog Tutoring, we match you with a tutor suited to your individual learning style. If you want to find the right match, click here to request a tutor or to learn more about our services.

How often should I meet with a genetics tutor for the best results?

The frequency of tutoring sessions should be based on your learning goals, course difficulty, and personal schedule. Some students may benefit from once or twice a week, while others may need more frequent sessions before exams or to cover challenging material. The key is to be consistent and allow enough time to practice and absorb the material. To determine the best tutoring schedule for your success in genetics, click here to request a tutor or find out more about our services.

Virginia Beach, VA Neighborhoods We Service

Virginia Beach, Virginia, a coastal city with a rich history, diverse cultures, and vibrant communities, offers an array of neighborhoods, each with its own unique charm and character. From the oceanfront to the peaceful suburbs, let's embark on a journey through the various neighborhoods of this beautiful city.

First up, the Oceanfront area, where the Atlantic Ocean waves are a constant backdrop. Home to the iconic three-mile boardwalk, the Oceanfront is not just a tourist destination but a lively neighborhood for locals as well.

Neighboring the Oceanfront, we find Croatan Beach, a tucked-away residential community with a private beach favored by surfers and families alike.

To the north lies the affluent North End, known for its sandy dunes and luxurious homes. Here, residents relish in quiet neighborhoods that remain walking distance from the beach.

Sandbridge offers a more secluded beach experience with its five miles of coastline, rental houses, and laid-back lifestyle, perfect for those looking to escape the bustle of the city.

Chic's Beach (Chesapeake Beach), situated on the Chesapeake Bay, is a haven for those who appreciate serene beaches, stunning sunsets, and a range of water activities.

Venture inland, and you’ll discover Town Center, a cosmopolitan neighborhood that's a hub for shopping, fine dining, and cultural experiences, complete with modern apartments and office buildings.

Kempsville is among the city's oldest communities, transformed into a suburban landscape sprinkled with parks, family homes, and schools.

In the heart of Virginia Beach, Thalia boasts a mix of old and new, offering mid-century homes and easy access to the Town Center.

Great Neck is a preferable residential area with its high-rated schools, beautiful parks, and shopping areas, creating an ideal setting for family life.

Pungo, on the other hand, provides a taste of rural living with its strawberry farms, open fields, and more relaxed pace of life.

Another delightful neighborhood is Red Mill Commons, known for its convenience, shopping options, and family-friendly atmosphere.

Alanton offers waterfront living with its deep-water canals that lead to the bay, alongside beautiful homes and a strong sense of community.

Green Run is made up of various subdivisions, each with its own identity, though bound by common amenities and a diverse community.

Residents of Salem enjoy a variety of recreational activities, with proximity to the Salem Sportsplex and well-maintained community parks.

Lynnhaven is historically significant and today thrives with its mix of shopping centers, restaurants, and cozy residential areas.

For those who seek a blend of historic charm and modern living, Shadowlawn presents older, eclectic homes along with new developments just blocks from the Oceanfront.

Adjacent Shadowlawn, Rudee Heights offers a cluster of houses with access to fishing and boating activities thanks to its marina.

Lastly, Princess Anne reflects a rich heritage and progressive future with its combination of farmland, historical landmarks, and the municipal center.

This tapestry of neighborhoods within Virginia Beach, VA, illustrates the diversity and appeal of the city. Whether you're in search of a bustling community by the shore or a peaceful retreat in the suburbs, Virginia Beach has a neighborhood to fit your lifestyle. With so many to choose from, residents and visitors alike can find their perfect corner in this dynamic coastal city.

About Virginia Beach, VA And It’s Education Institutions

Virginia Beach, VA, is not only a renowned vacation destination with its expansive shores and vibrant boardwalk but also a city rich in history and landmarks. First landing at Cape Henry in 1607 marked the arrival of English colonists who would go on to establish Jamestown. To commemorate this event, the Cape Henry Memorial stands as a testament to this pivotal moment in US history. Other notable landmarks include the Virginia Beach Oceanfront, the historic Adam Thoroughgood House, and the 19th-century Cape Henry Lighthouse. Additionally, the city's cultural fabric is anchored by institutions like the Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art and the Military Aviation Museum, providing residents and visitors with valuable insights into regional and military history.

The educational landscape in Virginia Beach, VA, is diverse, with numerous education institutions contributing to the learning environment. The city's public education system, Virginia Beach City Public Schools, is one of the largest in the state and widely respected for its high academic standards. Among the top-ranked public K-12 schools are Princess Anne High School and Ocean Lakes High School, known for their robust scholastic and extracurricular offerings. On the private front, Cape Henry Collegiate and Bishop Sullivan Catholic High School are distinguished for their rigorous academic programs. Universities in Virginia Beach further the city's commitment to education, with Regent University and a campus of the Tidewater Community College offering a range of undergraduate and graduate programs. Moreover, the city provides abundant educational resources to students, including public libraries, online learning tools, and support services for a well-rounded educational experience.

With its founding dating back to the arrival of English settlers in 1607, Virginia Beach officially became an independent city in 1963. Since then, it has grown into the most populous city in Virginia, with a current population of over 450,000 residents. This thriving community enjoys a variety of neighborhoods from the bustling Oceanfront area to the quiet, family-friendly suburbs of Great Neck and Kempsville. As of my knowledge cutoff in 2023, Virginia Beach continues to support its students through the Virginia Beach City Public Schools system and several higher education institutions, including the satellite campuses of Old Dominion University and Virginia Tech. This commitment to education, history, and community development positions Virginia Beach as a unique blend of the past and present, offering a rich lifestyle for residents and a captivating retreat for visitors.

Students at These Virginia Beach, VA Schools Excel with Our Tutoring

Here is a sample list of top schools in Virginia Beach, VA, which encompasses a mix of both private and public institutions. The students from these schools have greatly benefited from our tutoring services, allowing them to excel academically and achieve their educational goals. Please note that this list is not exhaustive but represents a selection to give an idea of the variety and quality of schools in the area.

Ocean Lakes High School Frank W. Cox High School Princess Anne High School First Colonial High School Landstown High School Kellam High School Cape Henry Collegiate Norfolk Academy Bishop Sullivan Catholic High School Virginia Beach Friends School Kempsville High School Salem High School Green Run High School Tallwood High School Bayside High School Advanced Technology Center The Governors School for the Arts Ocean Lakes Math & Science Academy Renaissance Academy Plaza Middle School, A National Paideia Center

This selection includes both traditional public schools, various academies focusing on science, technology, and the arts, as well as private preparatory schools, ensuring a wide array of educational environments that cater to diverse learning needs and preferences. Each school's approach and curriculum vary, but they all share a commitment to providing high-quality education to their students.

About Genetics & Genetics Tutoring

Genetics is the branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. It involves understanding how certain traits or conditions are passed down from one generation to the next and explaining the biological variation among individuals within a population.

At the core of genetics is the concept of the gene, a unit of heredity in a living organism, which is made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). This DNA contains specific instructions that govern the organism's growth, development, functioning, and reproduction. These instructions are encrypted in the genetic code, which is read by the cell machinery to produce proteins that perform most life functions.

There are several types of genetics that scientists study:

  • Classical or Mendelian genetics, which focuses on the inheritance of traits and builds on the work of Gregor Mendel.
  • Molecular genetics, which considers the chemical nature of the gene itself, its structure, expression, regulation, and mutation.
  • Population genetics, a field that studies genetic variation within populations and how it changes over time, which is key to understanding evolution.
  • Quantitative genetics deals with traits that are influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors.
  • Developmental genetics, which explores how genes control the growth and development of an organism.
  • Conservation genetics, which applies genetic methods to the conservation and restoration of biodiversity.

Related entities to genetics include fields such as genomics, which is the study of the entirety of an organism's genes (the genome); epigenetics, which involves changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the DNA sequence; and biotechnology, which applies knowledge of genetics in practical applications such as genetic engineering and gene therapy.

When tutoring genetics to students who struggle with the subject, the best strategy often involves:

  1. Building a strong foundation by explaining basic concepts such as DNA, chromosomes, and genes.
  2. Using visual aids, such as diagrams and videos, to illustrate complex processes like DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
  3. Considering the use of analogies and real-life examples to help make abstract concepts more tangible.
  4. Encouraging active learning through problem-solving and critical thinking exercises related to genetic concepts.
  5. Clarifying misconceptions immediately and reinforcing correct understanding through practice and discussion.

Most common concepts in genetics include understanding DNA structure, the central dogma of molecular biology (DNA to RNA to Protein), Mendelian inheritance patterns (dominant and recessive traits), and the concept of alleles and genetic diversity. Genetic mutation, gene expression regulation, and genetic linkage are also central topics.

Most difficult concepts can include non-Mendelian inheritance such as incomplete dominance, co-dominance, and pleiotropy; complex understanding of epistasis; polygenic inheritance; and the intricacies of population genetics including Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The multidimensional aspects of epigenetics and the ethical considerations in genetic engineering are also challenging topics for many students.

In conclusion, genetics is a vast and dynamic field that continues to grow as we expand our understanding of the genome and its implications for health, evolution, and the diversity of life on Earth. Effective education in genetics combines a scaffolded approach with engaging, contextual examples that encourage students to connect with the material and develop a deep understanding of genetic principles.