Request Tutoring Info
Please enter name
Please enter email
Please enter phone
Please enter details
Cicero PSAT tutors

Book Top-Rated PSAT Tutors Near Me In Cicero, NY

Our Cicero PSAT tutors are top college students and graduates from local area universities. They have an average GPA of 3.5 or higher in their areas of tutoring specialization. At Frog Tutoring, we work with students in all grade levels and our Cicero private PSAT tutors provide customized one on one in-home tutoring through our proven three step approach to academic success.

1.Bring student up to speed by reviewing past work to ensure they are not missing any important concepts that might affect their abilities to learn future lessons. 2. Keep student ahead of the class by using the teachers lesson plan, textbook, and online curriculum to cover lessons before it is taught in class. 2. Reinforce key concepts they might have missed. This ensures they will never be behind again. Your tutor will also help with organization, study skills, and note taking strategies.
Your Cicero area PSAT tutor will also track student progress through detailed session reports which will be available to you at the end of each tutoring session. If it is okay with you, your tutor will contact your child's teacher, for K-12, to get a more detailed understanding of what they are struggling with and also to make sure that he/she and the teacher are both on the same page in their approach to tackling the problem.

Browse our list of qualified PSAT tutors below. If you are in need of an PSAT tutor in Cicero, please call us or simply go to the tab above and Request a Tutor and let us help provide the understanding and assistance needed for success.

Read more... Read less
cnn cbs boston miami fox news

List of High-Achieving PSAT Tutors Near Me In Cicero, NY For In-Person & Online Tutoring


How it works

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Request any tutor by submitting a form

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Speak with our enrollment advisor to get your questions answered

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Get connected with your private in-person or online tutor

Our Students and Parents Love Us
as Much as We Love Them

">
TA
Knowledge
Presentation

Alex has thoroughly enjoyed the sessions and found them to be very helpful. I am really happy with the feedback and the communication. Wouldn't hesitate to recommend.

">
JY
Knowledge
Presentation

Rosemary was super helpful going over some of the concepts that were tricky, and helped explain the content well.

">
HM
Knowledge
Presentation

Super helpful and willing to adjust to my learning habits. I really enjoy our time working together as the preparation from her end is very noticeable and appreciated.

">
LC
Knowledge
Presentation

Great tutoring session!

">
JC
Knowledge
Presentation

Sarah is our 5th tutor we have used on Frog tutoring. In just one short month of tutoring my child with ADHD, she has improved his math grade from a C to an A-!! We are so happy for the progress our child has made with Sarah’s help, and we will definitely continue to use her as our child’s...

">
JL
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}The sessions are going well and I am understanding the material . The information is clear , which I love.

">
RG
Knowledge
Presentation

Overall, AJ was absolutely amazing. I didn’t understand almost anything in physics and he made it seem like elementary grade stuff, overall was amazing and I will miss him

">
KB
Knowledge
Presentation

Ali is an amazing tutor always willing to help me on my school assignments and is a very down-to-earth person.

">
JD
Knowledge
Presentation

good tutor

">
KB
Knowledge
Presentation

Looking forward to meeting you.

">
AN
Knowledge
Presentation

Joyce has been great in helping me review topics for the NCLEX

">
SM
Knowledge
Presentation

Ryan in very knowledgeable on the topics I was needing help with. He is professional and works around your schedule. The best tutor I have had on frog tutoring.

">
RW
Knowledge
Presentation

Good tutor

">
RW
Knowledge
Presentation

Never partnered so unable to rate accurately but frog tutors are great so why not give a 5

">
OS
Knowledge
Presentation

patient and knowledgeable

">
Dm
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Hayeon Lee is fantastic !
Very knowledgeable and wonderful to work with.
She is kind and is very easy to learn from.
Thank you for finding her.
We have another session Tuesday but I have to reschedule
Perhaps Wednesday?

">
DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging and funny. He makes learning fun and teaches in a very simple, easy way to understand.

">
MP
Knowledge
Presentation

Pamela is wonderful! She's the perfect fit for my son! She's very engaging and makes tutoring fun for him

">
HB
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}
Vince is very happy with this tutor.

">
RF
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Jaelynn Cafourek's accomplished computer skills and college training make her a very valuable asset to those who need a professional with their studies.I highly recommend her and her excellent attitude, and clear ability to connect with others and their specific learning...

">
JS
Knowledge
Presentation

Carolle is an excellent tutor. She explains things well, sends me frequent reminders of what I learned during the week, and is altogether a pleasure

">
DR
Knowledge
Presentation

Jeff was extremely knowledgeable and helpful. Deep industry knowledge in running in investment firm and very solid resource. Thank you!

">
MV
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}
Joyce is very knowledgeable and helpful.

">
TS
Knowledge
Presentation

A very smart individual, has great knowledge to cover the stuff needed based off your preference.

">
RF
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}Craig has been a big help with helping me learn how to use the internet, navigate a job search and I have learned quite a bit in a shot time.

">
DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Makes learing fun!

">
OT
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew and I concentrated on financial statements in my CFA Level 1 curriculum. He was extremely knowledgeable and, with his own industry experience, he was very effective at providing real-life examples that made it easier to understand the concepts.

">
Ma
Knowledge
Presentation

He is a great tutor. He knows the topics very well and explains them easily. My only complaint is that his handwriting is somewhat messy. All in all, he is a great SAT tutor for English and math.

">
MB
Knowledge
Presentation

Awesome! he and my son work great together! My Son won't work with anyone else.

">
IB
Knowledge
Presentation

Gurleen is AMAZING!!!!!! She is the best tutor you will find on here. She is very knowledgeable on chemistry and will help you work through so many problems despite them being very challenging. Gurleen helps with retaining the knowledge and provides notes and practice problems as well. if you need...

">
RH
Knowledge
Presentation

Dana is very knwoedgable, especially with anatomy. I was a earning around an 80-84 percent(C) in my medical program exams. With Dana's assistance and vast knowledge in this subject I have passed a written exam AND a practical with a 92(A)!!! Dana positively encourages/challenges her students...

">
LC
Knowledge
Presentation

Sunita Woodcheke has not only demonstrated an extraordinary commitment to my child's academic progress but has also exhibited remarkable patience, enthusiasm, and expertise in their teaching approach. Through personalized lessons and tailored guidance Sunita has fostered a supportive learning...

">
SM
Knowledge
Presentation

Kevin is knowledgeable about math, and he knows how to teach. I’m very rusty on my skills, but he’s been nothing but patient with me. He absorbs my weaknesses and focuses on what I need help with. I appreciate all he’s done so far.

">
TG
Knowledge
Presentation

McKenna has done a great job of working with my daughter on geometry.

">
TM
Knowledge
Presentation

school rating and grades improved.

">
NC
Knowledge
Presentation

I am so happy with this tutoring, my son is engaged all the time. He loves to work in the computer and the activities that they do during the tutoring. She used many different way and form in order to keep him engaged.

">
EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Annie is great!!!!

">
EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Madi is fantastic!!

">
NT
Knowledge
Presentation

I don't sit next to my 9yo during sessions, and this is the first time I ever used a tutor. I can tell you that using a tutor eliminates all the fighting and whining from my kid about doing homework which makes me very happy. They get a lot done during an hour. The tutor is focused, prepared,...

">
PM
Knowledge
Presentation

Fabulous. Olivia is engaging, knowledgeable, and a delight to work with. Highly recommend. Always punctual. Always reliable. Always helpful. Competent with both homework help and direct instruction.

">
CH
Knowledge
Presentation

Extremely knowledgeable and gave direct examples of certain concepts I had trouble with. He also helped assess some of the specific terminology that I need to look for on the exam.

">
TG
Knowledge
Presentation

Chigbo explains concepts in a way that makes it easy to understand. My daughter's understanding and confidence had a real boost in just two days.

">
JE
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew was very knowledgable in the CFP topics and is very flexible with his ability to review materials and go through the questioning.

">
KK
Knowledge
Presentation

Ivan is absolutely amazing with his knowledge, He is my tutor for college level pre-calculus and I can confidently say that I would not be able to get through my class without ivans help with the class material. He has great patience and will explain and walk you through each problem until you need...

">
AC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging and goes at a good pace which has been immensely beneficial. Very punctual, there's never been any issues with scheduling. Overall, I have been enjoying my sessions and I look forward to more as he helps me prepare for my ACT.

">
CP
Knowledge
Presentation

Taitana Has tutored my daughter in math and english, she has my daughter think differently in problem solving and expanded her vocabulary. She never gives you the answer but helps you solve a problem together for my daughter to understand why the problem or word is not correct. Will request her...

">
NB
Knowledge
Presentation

So far so good

">
ER
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging, and I enjoy working with her

">
CO
Knowledge
Presentation

My son has been with Barjeana for a few sessions now and loves her! She is so knowledgeable and patient. Best of all she makes the sessions fun and interactive. He struggles with focus, but she keeps him engaged in the session and on track. He looks forward to his tutoring with Ms. Barjeana. ...

">
IB
Knowledge
Presentation

He was great and very knowledgeable on the subject of chemistry, however there was a language barrier

Qualification and Certification of PSAT Tutors Near Me In Cicero, NY


  • Undergraduate
  • Bachelor degree holders
  • Master degree holders
  • Ph.D. holders
  • Teaching Certification
  • Professional Certificate
  • Background checks
  • Tutoring experience
  • Continuous education
  • FrogTutoring verification certification

Cicero, NY PSAT Tutoring Rates


  • Price range from $37/hr - $65/hr
  • Rates vary based on the type of tutoring, methods used, and the number of hours required.
  • Contact our enrollment team to receive your personalized rate.

Tutoring Methods of Our Private Tutors In Cicero, NY


  • In-person/in-home tutoring
  • Online tutoring
  • One-on-one tutoring
  • Group lessons tutoring.

Tools We Use For Online PSAT Tutoring


  • Zoom
  • FrogTutoring custom online tutoring platform
  • The Lesson space

Our PSAT Clientele In Cicero, NY


  • High school students
  • Middle school students
  • College students
  • Adults
  • Special needs students

Tutoring Locations For PSAT In Cicero, NY


  • Student homes
  • Public Libraries
  • Cicero neighborhoods and suburbs

Sign up now for our one-on-one private PSAT tutoring in Cicero, NY


Cicero, NY Tutoring FAQ

What are the benefits of tutoring for students in Cicero, NY?

Tutoring provides multiple benefits for students in Cicero, NY, including personalized learning, improved academic performance, stronger study habits, increased confidence, and customized learning strategies. FrogTutoring offers tailored tutoring programs to meet individual student needs, focusing on reinforcing concepts, closing knowledge gaps, and preparing them for a successful academic journey.

How do I choose the right tutor for my child in Cicero, NY?

Choosing the right tutor in Cicero, NY, involves considering your child's academic needs, learning style, and personality. Look for qualified tutors with expertise in the subject area, a track record of success, and who can build rapport with your child. FrogTutoring provides experienced tutors who are carefully selected to match your child's unique requirements, ensuring an optimal tutoring experience.

What subjects can I find a tutor for in Cicero, NY?

In Cicero, NY, you can find tutors for a wide range of subjects, including Math, Science, English, History, and foreign languages. FrogTutoring covers all grade levels and curricula, from elementary to high school and college, with specialized tutors who are knowledgeable in their respective subject areas and adept at teaching various concepts.

Is online tutoring available for students in Cicero, NY?

Yes, online tutoring is available for students in Cicero, NY. FrogTutoring provides flexible online sessions with live, one-on-one instruction from skilled tutors, using interactive tools and resources to create an effective learning environment that mirrors in-person tutoring, accessible from the comfort of your home.

How often should my child attend tutoring sessions in Cicero, NY?

The frequency of tutoring sessions in Cicero, NY, should be based on your child's academic needs and goals. Some students might benefit from once or twice a week, while others may require more intensive support. FrogTutoring offers customizable plans to accommodate different schedules and provide the appropriate level of assistance to achieve desired outcomes.

What is the cost of tutoring in Cicero, NY?

The cost of tutoring in Cicero, NY, varies depending on the tutoring service, subject matter, and frequency of sessions. FrogTutoring offers competitive pricing and will work with you to determine the best package that fits your budget while still providing high-quality educational assistance.

How can I measure my child’s progress with a tutor in Cicero, NY?

Progress can be measured by setting clear goals, monitoring grades and test scores, observing improvements in homework completion, and noting increased engagement and confidence in the subject. FrogTutoring provides regular progress reports and assessments to ensure you are informed of your child's development and to adapt the learning plan as necessary.

Are there special needs tutors available in Cicero, NY?

Yes, there are tutors available in Cicero, NY, who specialize in working with students with special needs. FrogTutoring offers experienced tutors trained to work with a variety of learning disabilities and educational challenges, providing personalized strategies to cater to each student's unique learning profile.

Can tutoring help with standardized test preparation in Cicero, NY?

Tutoring can be extremely beneficial for standardized test preparation in Cicero, NY. FrogTutoring offers test prep programs for SAT, ACT, and other exams, taught by tutors who are familiar with testing formats and strategies to improve scores, helping students navigate the test with confidence and achieve their target results.

What is the best way to get started with a tutoring service in Cicero, NY?

The best way to get started with a tutoring service in Cicero, NY, is to research and find a reputable provider, such as FrogTutoring. Reach out to discuss your child's needs, schedule an assessment if necessary, and establish a tutoring schedule that works for your family. FrogTutoring will guide you through the process to ensure a smooth start to your child's tutoring experience.

PSAT FAQ

What is PSAT tutoring?

PSAT tutoring is a personalized teaching service aimed at helping students prepare for the Preliminary SAT, also known as the National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (NMSQT). It usually involves one-on-one sessions focusing on the key areas of reading, writing, and mathematics to enhance a student's abilities and confidence ahead of the exam.

How can PSAT tutoring improve my test scores?

PSAT tutoring can improve your test scores by providing tailored instruction that addresses your individual strengths and weaknesses. Tutors can offer strategies for time management, question analysis, and effective guessing. With practice and guidance, students can better understand the test format and types of questions, leading to improved performance.

Is online PSAT tutoring effective?

Online PSAT tutoring can be highly effective, offering convenience and flexibility. It allows students to connect with expert tutors regardless of location and often provides a wealth of online resources. Interactive tools and digital practice tests can further enhance the learning experience and cater to a variety of learning styles.

When should I start PSAT tutoring?

Starting PSAT tutoring depends on your individual goals and schedule. However, many experts recommend beginning preparation at least three to six months before the test. This provides ample time to learn concepts, practice skills, and take mock exams to gauge progress and make necessary adjustments to your study plan.

What should I look for in a PSAT tutor?

When looking for a PSAT tutor, consider their experience, qualifications, and track record of success with previous students. A tutor should be knowledgeable about the PSAT format and content and possess excellent teaching skills. Additionally, seek a tutor who communicates clearly, is patient, and can tailor their approach to your specific needs.

Common Questions on PSAT Tutors

What is the best way to prepare for the PSAT?

The best way to prepare for the PSAT is through consistent practice and familiarization with the test format. It's recommended to start by taking a diagnostic PSAT to understand your starting point. Then, work with a PSAT tutor to identify your strengths and weaknesses, and create a study plan that targets areas needing improvement. Practice with official College Board PSAT materials and take timed practice tests to build your test-taking skills. Remember, being well-prepared can lead to National Merit Scholarship opportunities. Ready to boost your PSAT performance? Click here to request a tutor or learn more about our services.

How can a PSAT tutor help improve my scores?

A PSAT tutor can provide personalized instruction tailored to your unique learning style and needs. Tutors can help you understand difficult concepts, teach test-taking strategies, and provide practice tests for honing your skills. They can also keep you accountable, help build your confidence, and provide feedback to improve your performance. Whether you need comprehensive review or focused practice on specific sections, a tutor can make a significant difference in your PSAT scores. Want to find a dedicated PSAT tutor? Click here to request a tutor and take the first step towards improving your scores.

What areas of the PSAT do tutors focus on?

PSAT tutors typically focus on the main areas covered by the test: Evidence-Based Reading, Writing and Language, and Math. They will help you develop critical reading and grammar skills for the verbal sections, as well as mathematical problem-solving abilities for the math section. Additionally, they can help with test-taking strategies specific to the PSAT's style and question types. Tutors adjust their focus based on the student's individual needs to ensure the most effective preparation. Looking to strengthen your skills in specific PSAT areas? Click here to request a tutor and target your preparation effectively.

When should I start PSAT tutoring?

It is advisable to start PSAT tutoring at least three to six months before the test date. This time frame provides ample opportunity to learn the content, practice with the test format, and implement strategic improvements. However, if you are aiming for National Merit Scholarships, you might want to begin even earlier to optimize your chances of a top score. Starting early will also alleviate last-minute stress and improve retention of material. Are you ready to start your journey to PSAT success? Click here to request a tutor and plan your preparation timeline.

What are some tips for finding the right PSAT tutor?

Finding the right PSAT tutor involves considering several factors: Look for someone with a strong understanding of the PSAT format and content. Check the tutor's credentials and experience in PSAT-specific tutoring. Look for testimonials or reviews from past students. Ensure the tutor's teaching style matches your learning preferences. And finally, find a tutor who offers customizable study plans. At FrogTutoring, we help you find tutors who can meet these criteria to ensure you are well-prepared for the PSAT. If you're seeking a tutor that fits your specific needs, click here to request a tutor and match with the perfect PSAT tutor.

Cicero, NY Neighborhoods We Service

Cicero, New York, a vibrant town nestled within Onondaga County, boasts a diverse range of neighborhoods, each offering its own unique charm and character. As a burgeoning hub for families, professionals, and individuals seeking a blend of suburban tranquility and accessibility to Syracuse's urban amenities, Cicero's neighborhoods cater to a variety of lifestyles and preferences.

First up is Wallington Meadows, a residential gem that combines peaceful living with picturesque settings. Tree-lined streets, manicured lawns, and spacious homes define this sought-after neighborhood, making it a top pick for those who prioritize a serene environment.

Brewerton, often recognized for its proximity to the serene Oneida Lake, is another quintessential neighborhood in Cicero. It's not just the lake that attracts residents; Brewerton's strong sense of community and vibrant local culture make it a place where neighbors quickly become friends.

The Lakeshore Road area is another idyllic spot that draws inspiration from the nearby waterfronts. Known for its well-kept homes and friendly atmosphere, this neighborhood caters to those who appreciate being near the water while enjoying the comforts of suburban living.

Mystic Woods is a relatively newer development that appeals to modern aesthetics and contemporary living. With its chic designs and modern conveniences, this neighborhood is perfect for those who are looking for a fresh start in a newly built home.

Bay Colony is a neighborhood that exudes an air of exclusivity and privacy. Sequestered along the shoreline of Oneida Lake, Bay Colony’s residents enjoy not only the splendid views but also the benefit of private docks and water-related activities.

The South Bay Road corridor is a thriving area known for its accessibility and convenience. With easy access to shops, dining, and highways, this neighborhood attracts those who seek a balance between residential comfort and the hustle and bustle of daily life.

Twin Tree Acres rounds out the list of Cicero neighborhoods with its expansive properties and rural feel. If wide-open spaces and a quieter pace of life are what you seek, Twin Tree Acres may be the perfect spot.

And finally, the area around Cicero-North Syracuse High School is a residential hub that caters primarily to families. With schools within walking distance and community facilities close at hand, it's an ideal environment for raising children.

Each of Cicero’s neighborhoods contributes to the overall mosaic that makes the town a great place to live. With so many areas to choose from, prospective residents are sure to find the perfect corner of Cicero to call home. No matter which neighborhood they choose, Cicero’s sense of community shines through, making it more than just a collection of homes—Cicero is a place where life flourishes in every nook and cranny.

About Cicero, NY And It’s Education Institutions

Cicero, New York, is a town steeped in history with landmarks that reflect its past, such as the Cicero Historical Society which preserves local history and displays relevant artifacts and photographs. Founded in 1790 and named after the Roman statesman and orator, Cicero has grown into a charming community in Onondaga County with a population of approximately 31,000 as of the last census. Natural landmarks, such as Oneida Lake's south shore, offer residents and visitors alike the opportunity to engage in activities like boating, fishing, and other outdoor recreation, while the lakeside parks provide serene settings for picnics and family outings.

The education system in Cicero is served by the North Syracuse Central School District, which manages several public schools known for their academic excellence including Cicero-North Syracuse High School. The district is committed to providing quality educational experiences, with advanced placement courses and extracurricular activities to support the diverse needs and interests of students. While there are no universities within Cicero itself, the proximity to Syracuse makes institutions like Syracuse University and Le Moyne College accessible for residents seeking higher education. Education resources are further enriched by local libraries, such as the Northern Onondaga Public Library in Cicero, which offer myriad learning opportunities, from literacy programs to STEM workshops.

When looking at the top-ranked schools in the town, Cicero stands out with institutions like Cicero Elementary and Gillette Road Middle School. Despite lacking private K-12 institutions within its borders, the students of Cicero have access to nearby private education options in the greater Syracuse area. The educational landscape of Cicero is dynamic and offers an environment conducive to learning and development, pointing toward a community deeply invested in the future of its youth. As the town continues to grow and evolve, the concentration on educational progress remains a central staple of this New York community.

Students at These Cicero, NY Schools Excel with Our Tutoring

As your expert resource in educational support, our tutoring services have had the privilege of assisting students from a diverse array of educational institutions in Cicero, NY. Although the following list is not exhaustive, it represents a sample of the top schools in the area—both private and public—where our students have come from. We are proud to have contributed to the academic success of learners attending these schools by providing personalized tutoring tailored to their unique needs.

Public Schools:

Cicero-North Syracuse High School Gillette Road Middle School North Syracuse Junior High School Roxboro Road Middle School Smith Road Elementary School Lakeshore Road Elementary School Cicero Elementary School Brewerton Elementary School Karl W. Saile Bear Road Elementary School Nate Perry Elementary School

Private Schools:

St. Rose of Lima School Blessed Sacrament School Trinity Catholic School Christian Brothers Academy Faith Heritage School Montessori Discovery School Manlius Pebble Hill School Bishop Grimes Jr./Sr. High School Parkview Junior Academy All Saints Elementary of Tipperary Hill

Please note that the availability of websites or the statuses of the schools may change, and therefore it's advisable to reach out to the individual institutions for the most current information.

About PSAT & PSAT Tutoring

The Preliminary SAT, commonly known as the PSAT, is a standardized test administered by the College Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation in the United States. It serves as a practice version of the SAT and is also used to determine eligibility for the National Merit Scholarship Program.

The PSAT assesses the critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills students have developed over the years, as well as their ability to reason and think critically. The test is primarily intended for high school juniors, although sophomores can also take it to practice for their junior year exam.

There are a couple of types of PSAT exams, including the PSAT/NMSQT (National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test), PSAT 10, which is the same as the PSAT/NMSQT but isn’t used for scholarship qualification and is offered in the spring, and the PSAT 8/9, which is tailored for eighth and ninth graders.

Related entities to the PSAT include the SAT, which is a more in-depth version of the PSAT and commonly used by college admissions, the College Board that administers both the PSAT and SAT, and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation which uses the PSAT/NMSQT as part of its scholarship selection process.

When tutoring someone who struggles with the PSAT, the best strategy is to start by identifying their weak areas through diagnostic tests or practice exams. Once these are pinpointed, focused practice sessions can be developed. It’s essential to teach test-taking strategies such as time management, educated guessing, and understanding the format of the test, which helps in preventing the student from feeling overwhelmed.

The most common concepts in the PSAT include algebra and advanced math, critical reading, and evidence-based writing. Students often find the math section challenging due to the presence of advanced algebraic problems, data analysis, and real-world problem-solving. Meanwhile, the critical reading section can be difficult as it tests vocabulary in context and requires the understanding of complex passages, whereas the writing section demands a good grasp of grammar and punctuation rules.

To help someone overcome difficulties, breaking down concepts into manageable segments, using PSAT-specific practice materials, and gradually increasing the difficulty level can be quite effective. Regular practice, feedback, and positive reinforcement will also contribute significantly to a student's progress and confidence with the material.